Aviation taxes and levies refer to various charges imposed by governments on the aviation industry, including airlines, passengers, and cargo operators. These charges are collected to generate revenue for government coffers, fund aviation-related infrastructure and services, address environmental concerns, and regulate the industry. Aviation taxes and levies can vary significantly from one country to another and can encompass a range of different charges.

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Common Types of Aviation Taxes and Levies:

• Passenger Taxes: Fees paid by airline passengers for using airport facilities and services.
• Airport Fees: Charges imposed by airports on airlines for using their facilities and services.
• Fuel Taxes: Charges on aviation fuel used by airlines to power their aircraft.
• Carbon Emissions Taxes: Fees on airlines' carbon emissions to address environmental concerns.
• Departure Taxes: Charges for passengers leaving a country.
• Navigation Fees: Charges for air traffic control and navigation services.
• Customs and Immigration Fees: Charges for processing arriving passengers.
• Security Charges: Fees to fund aviation security measures.
• Noise and Pollution Fees: Fees on noisy or older aircraft to encourage environmentally friendly practices.
• Slot Fees: Charges for allocated time slots at congested airports.

It's important to note that the specific types and rates of aviation taxes and levies can vary widely based on the policies of individual countries. Additionally, the aviation industry often engages in discussions and negotiations with governments to ensure a fair and sustainable taxation framework.